Real-World Evidence on the Use of Ecmo in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Results from a Linked Closed and Open Claims Database in the US

Objectives: To describe the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (H-COVID-19) patients in a linked closed claims (CC) and open claims (OC) database. Method(s): This analysis identified H-COVID-19 patients between April 2020 (Q2 2020) and June 2022 (Q2 2022) in CHRONOS, a linked CC and OC database. The index event was the date of hospitalization, defined as an inpatient claim within 21 days of a COVID-19 diagnosis in the CC. The occurrence of ECMO 30 days after index was identified using CC data alone and then CC and OP data in combination to assess missing data. Study exclusions included patients under the age of 18, a first COVID-19 diagnosis that did not result in hospitalization, and less than 12-months of continuous enrollment in the CC before index. Study criteria were defined by the presence of an ICD-10-CM, ICD-10-PCS, or CPT code on a claim. Results are reported as percentages and 95% confidence intervals. Result(s): Of 321,687 patients with H-COVID-19, the mean age was 50.1 (SD:12.8) with the highest proportion of hospitalizations occurring in Q3 2021 (19.4%). Overall, 0.50% (0.48%-0.52%) of patients in the CC data received ECMO, increasing to 0.61% (0.58%-0.64%) with the inclusion of OC data. The use of ECMO to treat H-COVID-19 patients decreased between Q2 2021 and Q2 2022, with the highest rates occurring in Q2 of 2020 (0.78%) and Q2 2021 (0.80%). The addition of OC data increased rates to 1.12% and 0.89% in Q2 of 2020 and Q2 2021. Conclusion(s): Although use of ECMO decreased in the later months of the pandemic, it represents a substantial burden. The current analysis demonstrates that CC data, often sourced from payers, may underestimate the use of ECMO in real-world settings. Opportunities exist to mitigate issues of missing data by linking CC, OC, and other real-world data sources.Copyright © 2023

The impact of COVID-19 on colorectal screening in Puerto Rico

INTRODUCTION: Puerto Rico has endured three major environmental and public health crises (Hurricane Irma, Hurricane Maria, the unprecedented seismic activity of January 2020) and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic during the past 5 years. All these events might lead to an unquestionable deleterious impact in the prevention of cancer and across the cancer continuum, exacerbating cancer health disparities in the future. Cancer screening plays a critical role in early cancer detection. COVID-19 has significantly hampered screening programs in many countries' cancer screening infrastructure and services, affecting adherence. Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Puerto Rico. Limited information is available about the impact the current pandemic on colorectal cancer screening. In this study, we aim to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer screening in 2020 and assess if this impact varied by health regions. METHOD(S): This study analyzed administrative data claims from the Public Health System of Puerto Rico which is managed by the Government of Puerto Rico through the Health Insurance Administration. The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes included for this study were (81528, 82270, G0104, G0105, G0121, G0328, G0464). To assess changes in the numbers of colorectal cancer screening claims between the incurred year (2016 and 2020), Poisson regression was used. Initially, we fitted this model with only the incurred year as the predictor and offsetting the model with the annual average of total insured (univariate model). Based on this model, we estimate the magnitude of association between the number of claims and incurred year using the Prevalence Ratio (PR) of claims. Lastly, Poisson univariate regression model were used for each of the seven health regions (Ponce, Bayamon, Caguas, Mayaguez, Metro, Arecibo and Fajardo) to assess potential geographic disparities. RESULT(S): The numbers of colorectal cancer screening claims significantly decreased by 40% (PRcrude: 0.60, 95%CI: 0.59, 0.62) in 2020 when compared to 2016. However, when adjusting for claim incurred month, sex, health region and offsetting the model with the annual average of total insured, the numbers of colorectal cancer screening claims significantly decreased by 34%, (PRadj: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.67). The numbers of colorectal cancer screening claims significantly decreased in all health regions in 2020 when compared to 2016 (p<0.05). However, the most impacted region was the Eastern region, Fajardo, with a 64% (PRFajardocrude: 0.36, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.42) significant decrease in numbers of colorectal cancer screening claims. CONCLUSION(S): COVID-19 had a profound negative effect on colorectal screening in Puerto Rico. Moreover, despite the beneficiaries of this governmental health plan sharing similar sociodemographic and socioeconomic background, regional differences were observed.

Discussed Poster Abstracts – PM1

B PM1-030 b B Adverse drug reaction profile of drug interactions involving a protein kinase inhibitor indicated in chronic myeloid leukemia from pharmacovigilance databases b M. C. Pajiep, M. Lapeyre-Mestre and F. Despas I Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, France i B Introduction: b The introduction of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has considerably improved prognosis of the disease but has also demonstrated a great potential for drug-drug interactions. Service de Médecine Interne et Infectiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix Saint-Simon, Paris, France i B Introduction: b Despite an important drug-drug interaction, it was previously suggested the clindamycin-rifampicin combination could be used in patients with bone and joints infections (BJIs) provided clindamycin is administered by continuous infusion. Most of eligible patients to the antiviral drug can benefit from it despite the risk of drug-drug interaction. Twenty patients received clindamycin without rifampicin, 19 patients received clindamycin concomitantly with rifampicin and the remaining 85 received clindamycin successively without and with rifampicin. B Results: b Among 957 patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 during the data collection period, 686 patients were included: 430 new users of a SD regimen, 161 patients who started with SD and switched to ED regimen during follow-up, and 95 new users of an ED regimen. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

NANDA-I® nursing diagnoses in adult critical patients with COVID-19 / Diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-I® em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 / Diagnósticos en enfermería de NANDA-I® en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19

Resumo Objetivo Identificar possíveis diagnósticos de enfermagem conforme a classificação da NANDA-International presentes em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 a partir de pistas diagnósticas descritas pela literatura científica. Métodos Estudo descritivo, desenvolvido em três etapas: revisão de literatura e agrupamento das pistas diagnósticas identificadas de acordo com as Necessidades Humanas Básicas; levantamento dos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-International a partir da correspondência entre as pistas diagnósticas descritas pela literatura com o título e indicadores diagnósticos; validação da correspondência diagnóstica por enfermeiros peritos. Foi utilizado o índice de concordância ≥ 0,80. Resultados A partir da leitura de 20 estudos, elegeram-se 51 pistas diagnósticas que foram agrupadas em 11 Necessidades Humanas Básicas Psicobiológicas. Após três rodadas de análise pelos peritos, identificou-se correspondência das 51 pistas diagnósticas com 26 títulos diagnósticos de enfermagem da NANDA-International. Os domínios dessa classificação com maior número de diagnósticos foram: atividade/repouso (n=9); segurança/proteção (n=7) e nutrição (n=4). Ressalta-se que 45,1% das pistas diagnósticas apresentaram correspondência com mais de um título diagnóstico. Além disso, a maioria dos diagnósticos de enfermagem (60,0%) refere-se a problemas reais e 40,0% a problemas potenciais. Conclusão Os resultados obtidos permitiram a identificação de pistas diagnósticas presentes em pacientes críticos adultos portadores de COVID-19 e verificar sua equivalência com 26 títulos diagnósticos da NANDA-International.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar posibles diagnósticos en enfermería según la clasificación de NANDA-International presentes en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19 a partir de pistas diagnósticas que se describen en la literatura científica. Métodos Estudio descriptivo, desarrollado en tres etapas: revisión de literatura y agrupación de las pistas diagnósticas identificadas de acuerdo con las Necesidades Humanas Básicas; recopilación de los diagnósticos de enfermería de NANDA-International a partir de la correspondencia entre las pistas diagnósticas que se describen en la literatura con el título e indicadores diagnósticos; validación de la correspondencia diagnóstica por enfermeros expertos. Se utilizó el índice de coincidencia ≥ 0,80. Resultados A partir de la lectura de 20 estudios, se eligieron 51 pistas diagnósticas que se agruparon en 11 Necesidades Humanas Básicas Psicobiológicas. Después de tres rondas de análisis de los expertos se identificó la correspondencia de las 51 pistas diagnósticas con 26 títulos diagnósticos de enfermería de NANDA-International. Los dominios de esa clasificación con un mayor número de diagnósticos fueron: actividad/reposo (n=9); seguridad/protección (n=7) y nutrición (n=4). Se destaca que 45,1 % de las pistas diagnósticas presentaron correspondencia con más de un título diagnóstico. Además, la mayoría de los diagnósticos de enfermería (60,0 %) se refiere a problemas reales y el 40,0 % a problemas potenciales. Conclusión Los resultados alcanzados permitieron la identificación de pistas diagnósticas presentes en pacientes críticos adultos con COVID-19 y verificar su equivalencia con 26 títulos diagnósticos de NANDA-International.

Abstract Objective To identify possible nursing diagnoses according to the NANDA-International classification present in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 based on diagnostic clues described in the scientific literature. Method This is a descriptive study, developed in three stages: literature review and grouping of diagnostic clues identified according to Basic Human Needs; survey of NANDA-International nursing diagnoses based on the correspondence between diagnostic clues described in the literature with title and diagnostic indicators; validation of diagnostic correspondence by expert nurses. An agreement index ≥ 0.80 was used. Results From the reading of 20 studies, 51 diagnostic clues were selected and grouped into 11 Psychobiological Basic Human Needs. After three rounds of analysis by the experts, a correspondence of 51 diagnostic clues with 26 NANDA-International nursing diagnosis titles was identified. The domains of this classification with the highest number of diagnoses were: activity/rest (n=9); safety/protection (n=7) and nutrition (n=4). It is noteworthy that 45.1% of the diagnostic clues corresponded to more than one diagnostic title. Moreover, most nursing diagnoses (60.0%) refer to real problems and 40.0% to potential problems. Conclusion The results obtained allowed the identification of diagnostic clues present in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 and to verify their equivalence with 26 diagnostic titles from NANDA-International.

The Landscape of Medical Translators and Interpreters During the Coronavirus Pandemic: Terminology, Deontology and Teaching-Learning Resources from the Translation Studies Perspective (English, French, Spanish)

This chapter describes the professional situation that medical translators and interpreters had to face during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Due to the state of alarm declared on 16th March 2020, many people who were born abroad but who were in that moment living, working or in some cases sightseeing in Spain, could not return to their respective countries. As time passed by, the situation got worse, and thus there were thousands of foreign people who got the coronavirus in Spain, many of whom had to be admitted to hospitals. It is in situations like these when medical translators and interpreters are useful due to the logical nervousness of the situation. Even people who speak Spanish feel themselves much more protected and informed if an English/Spanish or French/Spanish specialist can explain to them how their health situation is doing. It was during this period when the Spanish Ministry of Health and many other professional organizations asked for the collaboration of medical translators and interpreters who spoke English, French, German and even Chinese. The following pages contain a glossary with English/French/Spanish terminology regarding all the coronavirus terms that were mainly used within translation and interpreting scenarios, some lecturing proposals from a Translation and Interpreting Teaching-Learning point of view and the description of the deontology for language mediators in situations of despair and uneasiness such as the COVID-19 pandemic. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

Temporal Analysis of Medicare Physician Reimbursement for Common Gastroenterology Procedures From 2007 to 2022

Introduction: As the U.S. population ages, gastroenterologists will provide care for an increasing number of older patients - many of whom use Medicare. In recent years there have been significant policy changes surrounding Medicare reimbursement for physicians. Understanding reimbursement trends can help reveal the financial impact of these policies on gastroenterologists. Our study aims to analyze the trends in Medicare reimbursement of common gastrointestinal (GI) services from 2007 to 2022. Method(s): The top 10 GI procedures and their respective CPT codes were identified through a joint list published by the American College of Gastroenterology, American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, and American Gastroenterological Association. The top 5 5 CPT codes relating to office/inpatient visits provided by gastroenterologists to Medicare Part B beneficiaries was identified using data from CMS. The Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool from CMS was queried for the selected CPT codes from 2007 to 2022, to determine the facility reimbursement rate by Medicare for each service. The reimbursement data were adjusted to January 2022 U.S. dollars using the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics' consumer price index inflation calculator. Result(s): The unadjusted physician reimbursement for GI procedures exhibited an average decrease of 7.0% (95% CI, 29.9% to 24.1%) from 2007 to 2022. After adjusting for inflation, the mean decrease in physician reimbursement for procedures was 33.0% (95% CI, 235.1% to 230.9%). The mean annual growth rate in reimbursement was 22.6% (95% CI, 22.8% to 22.4%). The unadjusted physician reimbursement for inpatient and outpatient visits exhibited an average increase of 32.1% (95% CI, 4.8% to 59.3%). After adjusting for inflation, physician reimbursement for patient visits exhibited a mean decrease of 4.92% (Figure 1). Conclusion(s): The analysis revealed a steady decline in adjusted and non-adjusted reimbursement between 2007 and 2022. Decreasing Medicare reimbursement may impact health outcomes, healthcare access, and patient satisfaction. Reimbursement policies must be scrutinized particularly in the light of high inflation and increased costs due to additional costs associated with care during the COVID-19 pandemic, staffing shortages, and increased staffing salaries. (Figure Presented).

English-Arabic Translation of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Terminology: A Domesticating Approach

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 brought a crucial need for clear instructions to control and prevent the virus‟s spread. In the context of the Arabic language, the demand for medical translators soared and the public needed clear health guidance more than ever before. This study aims to investigate the challenges of the English-Arabic translation of COVID-19 prevention and control terminology using a domesticating approach (Venuti, 1995) to overcome any challenges. A set of criteria, "conciseness, precision and appropriateness” (Giaber and Sharkas, 2021) is used for the assessment of the quality of the translation. Additionally, a questionnaire of English-Arabic translation samples is answered by 32 participants (26 males and 6 females), to evaluate the quality of these translations based on "clarity and naturalness” (Halimah, 2015). The results indicate that linguistic and cultural challenges are found in the English-Arabic translation of COVID-19 prevention and control terminology. They also indicate that the application of a domesticating approach improves their quality and helps to overcome linguistic and cultural challenges in translation. © Royal College of Physicians 2023. All rights reserved.

EMERALD trial analysis of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with ER+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer (mBC) comparing oral elacestrant vs standard of care (SoC) endocrine therapy

Background: The phase III EMERALD trial (NCT03778931) reported significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and a manageable safety profile with elacestrant vs SoC endocrine therapy (ET) in patients (N=478) with ER+/HER2- advanced or mBC following progression on prior CDK4/6i plus ET. PROs measuring quality of life (QoL) are reported here. Method(s): EMERALD patients (pts) completed 3 PRO tools at prespecified time points: the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the PRO version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE), and the EuroQoL 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L). Result(s): The ratio of PROs tools completed vs. PROs tools expected was 80-90% through cycle 4 and approximately 70% at cycle 6;likely due to clinical study period overlapping with COVID-19 period. Overall, the EORTC QLQ-C30 scores were similar for elacestrant and SoC, with no differences across all time points for both functional and symptom scales. However, PRO-CTCAE results showed that fewer pts who received elacestrant reported very severe nausea (4.0% vs 14.3% by cycle 6) or very severe vomiting (9.1% vs 50% by cycle 6) compared with SoC. There were no clinically meaningful differences across all time points in adverse events typically observed with pts with cancer on ET, such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, joint and muscle pain and hot flashes. EQ-5D-5L scores were generally comparable throughout treatment for both study arms, with elacestrant showing numerically better outcomes vs SoC for mobility, self-care and usual activities. Similar trends were observed for the full intent-to-treat population and in pts with detectable estrogen receptor 1 mutations (ESR1m). Conclusion(s): This analysis confirmed that QoL was maintained between treatment groups in the EMERALD trial. Together with the previously described statistically significant prolonged PFS and manageable safety profile, these PRO results provide additional evidence that oral elacestrant is clinically meaningful in this patient population with limited therapeutic options. Clinical trial identification: NCT03778931. Editorial acknowledgement: Jeffrey Walter, IQVIA. Legal entity responsible for the study: Stemline Therapeutics/Menarini Group. Funding(s): Stemline Therapeutics/Menarini Group. Disclosure: J. Cortes: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche, Celgene, Cellestia, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics, Daiichi Sankyo, Erytech, Athenex, Polyphor, Lilly, MERCK SHARP& DOHME, GSK, LEUKO, Bioasis, Clovis oncology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ellipses, Hibercell, BioInvent, Gemoab, Gilead, Menarini, Zymeworks, Reveal Genomics;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche, Novartis, Celgene, Eisai, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Lilly, MERCK SHARP& DOHME, Daiichi Sankyo;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting/advisor: Expres2ion Biotechnologies;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: MedSIR, Nektar Therapeutics;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Roche, Ariad Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Baxalta GMBH/Servier Affaires, Bayer healthcare, Eisai, Guardant Health, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Piqur Therapeutics, Puma B, Queen Mary University of London;Other, Travel cost and expenses: Roche, Novartis, Eisai, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Gilead, AstraZeneca. F.C. Bidard: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Lilly, Novartis, Radius Health, Menarini;Financial Interests, Institutional, Advisory Role: Menarini;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: Pfizer, Novartis, AstraZeneca, Roche, Lilly, Rain Therapeutics;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Novartis, Pfizer, Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Prolynx;Financial Interests, Institutional, Other, patents: ESR1 & MSI detection techniques;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Roche, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Novartis. A. Bardia: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pfizer, Novartis, Genentech, Merck, Sanofi, Eisa , Lilly, Mersana, AstraZeneca/Daiichi, Menarini, Gilead;Financial Interests, Personal, Royalties: UpToDate;Financial Interests, Institutional, Invited Speaker: Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Merck, Sanofi, Radius Health, Immunomedics/Gilead, Daiichi Pharma/AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly.;Non-Financial Interests, Principal Investigator: Gilead, Mersana, AstraZeneca/Daiichi, Novartis, Pfizer, Genentech, Lilly, Merck, Sanofi. V.G. Kaklamani: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria: Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Genomic Health, Puma Biotechnology, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics, Daichi, Gilead Sciences;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Amgen, Eisai, Puma Biotechnology, Celldex, AstraZeneca, Athenex, bioTheranostics;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: Genentech, Novartis, Genomic Health, Puma Biotechnology, Pfizer, AstraZeneca/Daiichi Sankyo;Financial Interests, Personal, Research Grant: Eisai. I. Vlachaki: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Menarini Hellas A.E. G. Tonini: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. N. Habboubi: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Stemline Therapeutics;Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role: Stemline Therapeutics. P.G. Aftimos: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Boehringer Ingelheim, Macrogenics, Roche, Novartis, Amcure, Servier, G1 Therapeutics, Radius, Deloitte, Menarini, Gilead, Novartis, Eisai, Lilly;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Synthon, Amgen;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Roche.Copyright © 2023

Post-Operative Outcomes in 'Monti' Construction for Neurogenic Bladders in an Adult Population

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Various diversion techniques exist for the management of neurogenic bladders. In pediatrics, the appendicovesicostomy is a successful approach but may not be applicable for all patients. An alternative is the Yang-Monti ("Monti") catheterizable conduit, created using a section of small bowel. Although commonly used in pediatrics, there are very few series evaluating adults. This study aims to evaluate "Monti" outcomes in an adult population. METHOD(S): Between 1999 and 2022, "Monti" procedures at a single institution were identified using CPT codes, and the list was reviewed to select for adult patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Preoperative data included indications for surgery and patient demographics. Perioperative (day 0 to end of hospital stay) data included time to return of bowel function, length of stay, and perioperative complications. Long-term complications included infections, hospital admissions, and reoperations. Data are presented as means or percentages. RESULT(S): 21 adult patients (male n=8;female n=13) with neurogenic bladder dysfunction were identified. 14 patients developed neurogenic bladder secondary to trauma, while other indications for surgery included idiopathic urinary retention (n=1), tumors (n=2), congenital abnormalities (n=2), multiple sclerosis (n=1), and autoimmune neuropathy (n=1). The mean follow-up time was 3.13 years and mean age at surgery was 35.5 years. The mean time to return of bowel function was 2.7 days (n=14) and postoperative hospital stay was 4.3 days (n=16). Perioperative complications occurred in 10 patients (47.6%) in the first 30 days including UTIs (n=3), surgical site infection (n=3), ileus (n=1), small bowel obstruction (n=1), and suprapubic tube related complications (n=3). Five emergency room admissions for urologic concerns occurred within this period with a total of 28 visits overall. At six month follow-up, a total of six (28.6%) patients had longer-term complications. These included a takedown, a scheduled revision, a hospitalization for complicated UTI, and three patients who were unable to catheterize. Overall, nine patients (42.9%) required reoperation, including three revisions and one cystectomy with conversion to ileal conduit. Two patients expired during the course of this study due to COVID pneumonia and suspected sepsis. CONCLUSION(S): "Monti" procedures are useful for adult patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. However, these procedures are associated with significant complications. This information should be used to aid in presurgical counseling.

The Italian-Speaking Istria between Pandemic and Infodemic. Some Notes on the Italian of Covid (2nd part)

The global health emergency caused by the covid-19 pandemic has also influenced the linguistic-communicative level, both with respect to the language of the media and in terms of the strategies and choices adopted by decision makers, governments, health authorities, etc., to address the population with information about regulations aimed at behaviors to deal with the moment of danger. In this article, we continue along the line of our previous paper (see Matticchio/Melchior 2021), in which we briefly analysed the information in Italian published on the official websites of the bilingual institutions of the Istrian Region. After a first introduction to the official bilingualim in the Istrian county, we will focus on the Italian of the pandemic by analysing possible divergent (lexical) choices in the Italian of Istria, trying, as far as possible, to understand whether they are due to the influence of Croatian or to other reasons.

The Issue of Post-COVID Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Approaches to Terminology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

The article discusses the issues of terminology, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of post-covid syndrome (PCS). It has been shown that the incidence of PCS in people who had COVID-19 is 10-35%;there are no generally accepted approaches to defining the term PCS. Clinical manifestations of PCS include more than 50 symptoms that occur in both children and adults, regardless of their place of residence. The damage caused by metabolites of the systemic inflammatory response of the central nervous system with the formation of a syndrome of autonomic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and affective disorders is of critical importance in the genesis of PCS. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepine drugs are used in the correction of PCS. However, they have limitations, in particular - when used in children with comorbid disorders. The use of aminoacetic acid (glycine), which has a wide range of safety, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and nootropic effects in the correction of PCS, can become an effective therapeutic strategy.Copyright © Team of Authors, 2022.

Are interpreters and interpreting technology ready for the post-Covid era?

From its onset in early 2020, the Covid-19 (hereafter Covid) crisis has uncovered both the insecurity about new technologies and their flexibility. In this chapter, we will attempt to provide a non-exhaustive map of the field of interpreting technology in different settings, of research on these new technologies and research using them. Tools and resources that enhance an interpreter's performance will also be discussed as part of technological evolution, while the final question to be answered is whether "interpreters [can] survive in an AI-dominated world” (Downie 2020). This contribution wants to be a call to do more large-scale research and to inform future interpreters better about technological development and opportunities in the classroom. © 2023 John Benjamins Publishing Company.

New Words in Greek and Russian During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The description of the facts of the lexical dynamics of the coronavirus period focuses on identifying similarities and differences in the linguistic practice of neologization of Greek and Russian languages. The features of the incorporation of loanwords and the subsequent adaptation of new lexical items in the modern socio-cultural context of these languages are considered through the prism of the impact of global processes. The research is conducted at the lexical-semantic, word-formation, and partially morphological levels. The material of the research was taken from lexicographic sources of modern Greek and Russian languages. The comparative analysis revealed processes common to both languages, such as vocabulary replenishment by borrowing from the same source donor language, and processes specific to each language, such as reborrowing in Greek in a different form or with a different meaning. Based on this analysis, we can conclude that most of the neologisms in these languages come from English, the donor language of the coronavirus lexicon in other languages. At the same time, despite certain similarities in the processes of penetration of new elements into Greek and Russian, the further assimilation of lexical units in each language has an individual character and features that often activate their own mechanisms of neologization. © Victoria G. Ouroumidou 2023.

Terminology Management for Social Media Communication During Covid 19 Pandemic: A Case Study with a Portuguese Higher Education Institution

The process of attracting new students is a constant challenge for Portuguese Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). It is challenging because it implies the definition of a communication strategy that uses both traditional and digital tactics to promote the institution and its educational offer. Considering the constraints resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, HEIs had to change their strategies and, in a short period, create digital communication mechanisms to facilitate new students' access to relevant information about the institution. This paper intends thus to determine and evaluate which are the predominant factors in seeking information about a degree in business sciences, specifically regarding the Porto Accounting and Business School in Portugal. To do that, we will consider the various factors that tend to influence the decision-making process of choosing a higher education degree, namely: the institutional website, social networks (Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube), other contact mechanisms (live chat, e-mail, text messages, ZOOM videoconference) and alumni testimonials. This study will also consider the role of terminology and positive language to obtain a successful communication strategy for social media. The analysis of these factors, combined with research developed with a focus group of high school students' graduates to assess their online preferences, will allow the presentation of a digital communication proposal whose purpose is to attract and retain new students. This proposal will consider the role of a strategic terminology management approach to capture students' attention when responding to their social media preferences. This paper results from the perception that being aware of the students' online preferences and communication skills and needs is essential to enhance the quality of the digital communication that HEIs promote in social media channels, especially in a time frame as specific and multifaceted as the one that we are currently experiencing. © The Authors, (2022). All Rights Reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission may be made without written permission from the individual authors.

From Bad to Worse: The evolving nature of "cult" rhetoric in the wake of Covid-19 and QAnon

The rhetoric "cult wars," which began in the 1970s and 1980s, has stagnated in recent decades. Having empirically undermined the "brainwashing" hypothesis, academic research has progressed beyond the classic typologies and discussion of "dangerous cults." Terms such as "New Religious Movement" became academized in a bid to recalibrate the discussion of religious phenomenon around the individual. However, "cult" rhetoric is still prevalent in popular vernacular, incipient in multiple discourses that redefine the terminology beyond an historic understanding of "religious." In this article, I outline my initial intention to revisit the terminology currently used in the academy as a result of reflections from participants in my doctoral research. I designed a survey that sought out the thoughts of everyday people in how they perceive the key terms: "cult," "brainwashing," "new religious movement" and "minority religion." Having used the Facebook Advert Centre to widen the reach of the survey, I quickly found that those commenting on the survey were engaging in a battle that is synonymous with the "cult wars" of old. I found that the discourse was predicated upon COVID-19 and a general distrust of "the establishment." This article analyses the comments engaging with the advert and explores the usage of "cult" rhetoric in contemporary society.

Towards a typology of virtual events

Despite the mounting prominence of COVID-induced virtual substitutes to face-to-face events, the boundaries and terminology between different types of virtual events have not been clearly defined. Theoretical misconceptions exist surrounding the diffusion of virtual reality and existing virtual events into the tourism, hospitality and events sectors, with conceptual ambiguity generating contention. Consequently, this paper develops a typology of virtual events designed to clarify theoretical misconceptions and establish clear limits whereby all virtual events can be classified. Integrating the three dimensions of social presence, virtuality of environment, and location, the SPEL cube is presented as a conceptual model. This paper contributes to understanding the extant literature and practices of virtual events, providing implications for the management of events in the tourism, hospitality, and events sectors;and delivering a foundation for future research into optimal adaptations of immersive technologies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Everyday urbanisms in the pandemic city: a feminist comparative study of the gendered experiences of Covid-19 in Southern cities

Drawing on GenUrb's comparative research undertaken in mid-2020 with communities in five cities—Cochabamba, Bolivia, Delhi, India, Georgetown, Guyana, Ibadan, Nigeria, and Shanghai, China—we engage in an intersectional analysis of the gendered impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic in women's everyday lives. Our research employs a variety of context-specific methods, including virtual methods, phone interviews, and socially-distanced interviews to engage women living in neighbourhoods characterized by underdevelopment and economic insecurity. While existing conditions of precarity trouble the before-and-after terminology of Covid-19, across the five cities the narratives of women's everyday lives reveal shifts in spatial-temporal orders that have deepened gendered and racial exclusions. We find that limited mobilities and the different and changing dimensions of production and social reproduction have led to increased care work, violence, and strained mental health. Finally, we also find that social reproduction solidarities, constituting old and new circuits of care, have been reinforced during the pandemic.

Reexamining racism, sexism, and identity taxation in the academy

Amid the 2020 COVID pandemic and officer-involved deaths of numerous Black Americans, US colleges and universities stated commitments to improve ethnoracial diversity and address structural racism. This type of diversity-related work, which fell mostly upon faculty of colour, was not new, however. In 1994, Padilla coined the term "cultural taxation” to describe the disproportionate labour faculty of colour are expected to perform. Hirshfield and Joseph expanded on this work by developing the term "identity taxation” to emphasize labour performed by faculty from marginalized groups because of their intersectional identities. Scholarship about these concepts has since proliferated. This special issue brings together a diverse group of scholars studying these topics to spark much needed structural change through providing: 1) additional terminology describing nuances of identity taxation;2) empirical insights about identity taxation for groups not previously examined;and 3) recommendations for resistance and advocacy to change inequitable practices.

Termbot: A Chatbot-Based Crossword Game for Gamified Medical Terminology Learning.

Medical terminology can be challenging for healthcare students due to its unfamiliar and lengthy terms. Traditional methods such as flashcards and memorization can be ineffective and require significant effort. To address this, an online chatbot-based learning model called Termbot was designed to provide an engaging and convenient method for enhancing medical terminology learning. Termbot, accessible through the LINE platform, offers crossword puzzles that turn boring medical terms into a fun learning experience. An experimental study was conducted, which showed that students who trained with Termbot made significant progress in learning medical terms, demonstrating the potential of chatbots to improve learning outcomes. Termbot's gamified approach to learning can also be applied to other fields, making it a useful tool for students to learn medical terminology conveniently and enjoyably.

Mining of EHR for interface terminology concepts for annotating EHRs of COVID patients.

BACKGROUND: Two years into the COVID-19 pandemic and with more than five million deaths worldwide, the healthcare establishment continues to struggle with every new wave of the pandemic resulting from a new coronavirus variant. Research has demonstrated that there are variations in the symptoms, and even in the order of symptom presentations, in COVID-19 patients infected by different SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Alpha and Omicron). Textual data in the form of admission notes and physician notes in the Electronic Health Records (EHRs) is rich in information regarding the symptoms and their orders of presentation. Unstructured EHR data is often underutilized in research due to the lack of annotations that enable automatic extraction of useful information from the available extensive volumes of textual data. METHODS: We present the design of a COVID Interface Terminology (CIT), not just a generic COVID-19 terminology, but one serving a specific purpose of enabling automatic annotation of EHRs of COVID-19 patients. CIT was constructed by integrating existing COVID-related ontologies and mining additional fine granularity concepts from clinical notes. The iterative mining approach utilized the techniques of 'anchoring' and 'concatenation' to identify potential fine granularity concepts to be added to the CIT. We also tested the generalizability of our approach on a hold-out dataset and compared the annotation coverage to the coverage obtained for the dataset used to build the CIT. RESULTS: Our experiments demonstrate that this approach results in higher annotation coverage compared to existing ontologies such as SNOMED CT and Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO). The final version of CIT achieved about 20% more coverage than SNOMED CT and 50% more coverage than CIDO. In the future, the concepts mined and added into CIT could be used as training data for machine learning models for mining even more concepts into CIT and further increasing the annotation coverage. CONCLUSION: In this paper, we demonstrated the construction of a COVID interface terminology that can be utilized for automatically annotating EHRs of COVID-19 patients. The techniques presented can identify frequently documented fine granularity concepts that are missing in other ontologies thereby increasing the annotation coverage.